Age Discrimination: 5 Steps To Knowing When An Employee Is Unfairly Dismissed By Way Of "Retirement"

The Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006retirement age in the absence of one having been
- SI No 2006/1031 - came into force on 1specified is now 65. It should be noted, however,
October 2006 to protect employees from beingthat an employer will not be able to rely on the
dismissed unfairly by reason of their age. Thedefault retirement age of 65 to retire employees
Age Regulations make it unlawful to discriminateearlier than he would otherwise, for example if
against employees, job seekers and traineesthe employees retirement aged had previously
because of their age - both old and young. Thebeen set at 68.
protection covers direct and indirect discrimination,Fixed Retirement Ages Specified
harassment and victimization. Employers and(2) The employer has a fixed retirement age
employees alike must familiarise themselves withwhich is below the age of 65, the dismissal takes
these far reaching changes.effect after that age, but the reduced retirement
This article addresses:age is not "objectively justified". This means that
(1) the particular unfairness of "early retirement"the employer has to establish what objective and
which essentially involves retirement ages beingproportionate reason exists to warrant a lower
arbitrarily fixed below 65 without justification; andretirement age. This will be rare.
(2) the requirement for a fair procedure to be(3) The employee has a fixed retirement age
followed in all retirement dismissals. Section 98 ofwhether above or below 65, but the employee is
the Employment Rights Act 1996 is amended todismissed for retirement before the employee
include a new potentially fair reason for dismissal -reaches that previously fixed age.
that of retirement. As with other reasons for6 Months Notice Rule
dismissal, it remains the case that the employer(4) The employee has a fixed retirement age
must "show" any Employment Tribunal what theover the age of 65, the employer gives notice to
reason for dismissal is.dismiss within the 6 months rule, but the dismissal
If the employer wishes to be able to rely ontakes effect before the intended date of
retirement as a reason for dismissal, the chancesretirement date so notified.
of successfully doing so are greatly increased if(5) The employer does not notify the employee
he follows the procedures set out in the Agein accordance with the 6 months rule, but he does
Regulations. That is to say that at least 6 monthsnotify the employee of an intended date of
prior to the dismissal (but no more than a yearretirement, but the dismissal takes effect before
prior to the dismissal) he notifies the employee ofthat intended date of retirement.
the date on which he intends that the employeeRight to work beyond the intended retirement
should retire and he informs the employee thatdate
the employee has a right to request to workIf the employee indicates his wish to exercise his
beyond retirement age. This is known as the 6right to request working beyond the intended
month rule.retirement date the employer must arrange a
The Age Regulations remove the upper age limitmeeting. If the employer has notified in
for claiming unfair dismissal and redundancy andaccordance with the 6 months rule, the request
give older workers the same rights to claim unfairmust be made at least 3 months but not more
dismissal or receive a redundancy payment asthan 6 months before the intended date of
younger workers, unless there is a genuineretirement. If the employer has failed to notify in
retirement.accordance with the 6 months rule, the request
Where Retirement Dismissal Is Unfaircan be made at any time within the six month
There are 5 circumstances where genuineperiod before the intended date of retirement.
"retirement" cannot be the reason for dismissal noThe employer must hold a meeting with the
matter what the employer argues in anemployee within a reasonable period after
Employment Tribunal and where dismissal willreceiving the request unless, during that period,
therefore be unfair. Those 5 circumstances ofthe employer and employee agree that the
unfair dismissal are:employee is to retire later or it is not practicable
No Fixed Retirement Ages Specifiedto hold a meeting within the period. If it is not
(1) The employee has no fixed retirement age,practicable to hold a meeting within the period the
but the dismissal takes effect before theemployer must still consider the request.
employee reaches the age of 65. The default