What You Need to Know About Social Security Spouse Benefits

When most people think about Social Security,Therefore, spouses applying for the spousal
they naturally think of retirement benefits.benefit should do so as soon as they reach full
However about 1/5 of all Social Security benefitsretirement age.
are spousal or survivor benefits, so when you'reHow Early Retirement Affects The Spouse
planning for retirement, it's important to considerBenefit:
the fact that you or your spouse may collectSpouses who apply for the spousal benefit before
spousal or survivor benefits at some point in theirshe is full retirement age will receive a reduced
life.benefit just like she would if she applied for her
In this article, we are going to discuss the basicsown Social Security benefit before full retirement
of Social Security spousal benefits.age. This reduced benefit is permanent, even if
Basically, a married person can receive a spousalshe takes her spousal benefit at age 62 and
benefit equal to half of her husband's basicswitches to her own benefit at full retirement age.
benefit, also called the PIA (primary insuranceOther Considerations:
amount).Individuals who start collecting retirement benefits
Spousal benefits usually come into play when onebefore full retirement age can only earn up to a
spouse takes time away from work to raise acertain amount before they have to pay back
family, and therefore has little or no earnings.part or all of their Social Security benefits. In
Calculating the Spousal Benefit:2009, that amount is $14,160. If you earn more
The spousal benefit is actually a combination ofthan $14,160, you have to pay back $1 for every
both spouses' benefits. If a married person has$2 you earned over the limit.
enough credits to qualify for Social Security onThis earnings test applies to spousal and survivor
her own, then her credit will be calculated first. Ifbenefits as well as retirement benefits, so if you
it's less than her spouse's benefit, she will receiveexpect to work before you reach full retirement
her benefit plus an adjustment to equal half ofage, you should delay your retirement and spousal
her husband's primary benefit.benefits.
When Should You Start the Spousal Benefit:In this article, I have referred to the wife as the
You can apply for the spousal benefit as early aslower earning spouse out of simplicity. However, in
age 62, as long as the working or higher earningtoday's world, it's not uncommon for the wife to
spouse is eligible and has applied for benefits.be the higher earning spouse. The good news is
It does no good for the lower earning spouse tothat Social Security is gender neutral, so the Social
wait beyond her full retirement age to apply forSecurity spouse benefits can apply to the wife or
spousal benefits because the spousal benefit willhusband, as well as the higher or lower earning
not earn credits beyond the full retirement age.spouse.